A history of human civilization is a history of human struggle against infectious diseases. The following is shared by this site, I hope to help everyone!
Top ten infectious diseases ranked 1
In the development process of human civilization, we are constantly suffering from infectious diseases. In a sense, a history of human civilization is a history of humans fighting infectious diseases. The most frightening of these is the infectious disease caused by the virus, because the virus is small in size, has few genes, changes quickly, and spreads quickly. Sometimes the most terrible viruses are not the most virulent, but the newly emerged viruses, because it takes a certain amount of time for scientists to find a way to deal with new viruses, during which time they often cause large-scale casualties.
1 Ebola virus-currently the most terrifying
can cause acute infectious disease Ebola hemorrhagic fever, which can be transmitted through physical contact. It is the most virulent virus in existence, resulting in a case fatality rate of 50% to 90%. There are no vaccines and drugs that effectively protect against this virus. It wandered like a ghost in Africa with an extremely terrifying way and speed, and it broke out 23 times from 1976 to 2012. In July 2014, the Ebola virus broke out again in Africa. The number of infections and deaths has exceeded any in the past, and it is still spreading, and there is no sign of being controlled.
2 Influenza A virus-the "most dangerous member" of the influenza virus family
Influenza viruses are divided into three types, namely type A, type B and type C. Among them, influenza A virus is one we are more familiar with, and it is also the most dangerous one. The most terrifying flu in history occurred in 1918. This global flu claimed 50 million lives. The culprit was the influenza A virus named h1n1. The avian flu that has become so fascinating is also a type of influenza. The frightening thing about influenza A is that it can evolve new strains through genetic recombination within a short period of time. Each recombination increases toxicity and infectivity, and can lead to the failure of original treatment methods. The symptoms of patients after infection are mainly high fever, cough, runny nose, myalgia, etc. Most of them are accompanied by severe pneumonia. In severe cases, heart, kidney and other organ failures lead to death, and the mortality rate is high.
3 HIV-attacking immune cells, malignant tumors "visit"
The virus can cause AIDS. The virus takes the most important T lymphocytes in the human immune system as the main target, destroys the cells in large quantities, and makes the human body lose its immune function. Therefore, the human body is prone to various diseases and can develop malignant tumors with a high mortality rate. The incubation period of the virus in the human body is 8-9 years on average, and patients can live and work without any symptoms for many years before they develop AIDS symptoms. At present, there are no drugs that can cure AIDS. Some drugs that have been developed can only relieve the symptoms of AIDS patients and prolong their lives to some extent.
4 Smallpox virus-rest assured, it has been eliminated!
The virus can cause a severe infectious disease, smallpox, and it is the only infectious disease that has been eliminated by humans worldwide so far. Patients infected with smallpox virus will have pockmarks on their faces after they are cured, hence the name "smallpox". Smallpox is an infectious disease with the highest incidence and the most deaths in human history. In the 16th and 18th centuries, the number of people who died of smallpox each year was about 500,000 in Europe and about 800,000 in Asia. In the 18th century, the total number of people who died of smallpox in Europe was more than 150 million. From the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, smallpox was still rampant; this situation continued until the second half of the 20th century.
5 Rabies virus-100% mortality after onset!
The virus can cause rabies, which is a serious and acute infectious disease transmitted from animals to humans by rabies virus. It can cause acute encephalitis and peripheral nerve inflammation in animals, and the mortality rate after the onset is as high as 100%. Infected persons who have not received the vaccine immunization, almost all die when neurological symptoms appear. The usual cause of death is that the central nervous system (brain-spinal cord) is destroyed by the virus, and eventually died of organ failure and breathing caused by damage to the autonomic nervous system. Exhaustion. The main source of infection is dogs, followed by cats and wolves. Rabies can be prevented by vaccination. If you are accidentally bitten or scratched by dogs, cats, wolves and other animals, or if your damaged skin or mucous membrane is licked by animals, you must get the vaccine.
6 Hepatitis virus-there are "five brothers" in the family, all of them are "ruthless characters"
The virus can cause hepatitis. Hepatitis is often divided into five types: A, B, C, D, and E. They are all infectious diseases. Patients will experience symptoms such as loss of appetite, nausea, upper abdominal discomfort, liver pain, and fatigue. Hepatitis can develop into cirrhosis, Liver cancer causes the patient's death. Among them, hepatitis B, tuberculosis and AIDS are among the most common infectious diseases in the world. About 350 to 400 million people in the world are infected with hepatitis B virus. Different hepatitis has different transmission routes. Hepatitis B and D are mainly transmitted through contact with the blood and other body fluids of infected people. Hepatitis C is mainly transmitted through blood; Hepatitis A and E are mainly transmitted through diet.
7 Dengue fever virus-"buzz" to spread, children are easily recruited
The virus is spread by mosquito bites and can cause dengue fever, an acute infectious disease. This disease first occurred in tropical areas, mostly in the rainy season, in this environment it is easy to breed a large number of mosquitoes carrying the virus. The scale of the outbreak of infectious diseases is getting bigger and bigger, and the situation is getting more and more serious. Among them, the proportion of dengue hemorrhagic fever is also increasing. Every year, 50 million to 100 million dengue fever cases occur worldwide, and 2.45 billion people are threatened with infection. Dengue fever affects people of all ages, but most dengue fever occurs in children under 15 years of age.
8 sars coronavirus-the most familiar to Chinese people
The virus can cause severe acute respiratory syndrome, known as sars. According to the information released by the World Health Organization, the average mortality rate of sars patients is about 9.6%, and the highest may reach 14% to 15%. The disease first appeared in Shunde, Guangdong, China in 2002 and spread to Southeast Asia and the world. It was not until mid-2003 that the epidemic was gradually eliminated. The disease is a respiratory infectious disease, and the main mode of transmission is short-range droplet transmission or contact with patients' respiratory secretions.
9 Marburg virus-there is currently no cure
The virus was first discovered in Marburg, Germany in 1967. The infectious disease caused by it is called Marburg haemorrhagic fever, which can be spread through body fluids (blood, excreta, saliva, vomit, etc.). The symptoms of the patient were high fever, diarrhea, vomiting, and severe bleeding from various points of the body. Usually die one week after the onset of illness. The mortality rate is 25% to 100%. There is currently no vaccine or cure for this highly infectious and deadly disease.
10 West Nile virus-another mosquito to blame
The virus is a virus in tropical and temperate regions that can cause the infectious disease West Nile fever. It mainly infects birds, but also humans, horses, cats, skunks, squirrels, and rabbits. The source of human infection with the virus is mosquitoes, and killing mosquitoes can prevent the spread of the disease. The virus is relatively mild, and about 80% of humans are infected without obvious symptoms. About 20% of people have only mild flu-like symptoms, and only 0.7% of patients die because of the virus entering the brain and causing encephalitis.
What about plague, anthracnose, cholera?
There are still many terrifying infectious diseases in human history, which are not listed in this article, such as plague, anthracnose, and cholera. That is because this article only lists 10 infectious diseases caused by viruses. There are many types of pathogens that cause infectious diseases, including bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, parasites, fungi and other microorganisms, as well as microbial recombinants (hybrids or mutants).
Top ten infectious diseases ranked 2
According to reports, cancer, heart disease, and AIDS. When it comes to these diseases, many people must be frightened and afraid of avoiding them. Once such diseases encounter unfortunately, the chance of survival is extremely small. However, these are not the most creepy diseases. After all, if unfortunately suffering from the above diseases, the patient can still survive for a longer period of time, but once suffering from the top ten diseases listed in this article, one day is enough to kill people.
China's top ten diseases list 1, dengue fever
Dengue fever is a type of infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes. It is estimated that there are more than 100 million cases of dengue fever in the world every year. Hemorrhagic fever is more serious than dengue fever. If not treated in time, this disease can cause death. The symptoms of this disease include high fever, headache, severe eye pain, joint pain, severe muscle pain and bone pain, and bleeding from the gums or nose. After the high fever subsides, the patient will experience persistent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, and difficulty breathing. There is currently no effective treatment, but if dengue fever can be detected at an early stage, the patient can still be cured by rehydration therapy.
China's top ten diseases list 2, Ebola
The name Ebola must be familiar to everyone. In 2013, the Ebola virus swept through almost the entire Africa, causing about 11,314 deaths and a mortality rate of 90%. Ebola is spread through human contact with animals such as chimpanzees, fruit bats, monkeys, antelopes or porcupines. Once someone has the disease, it can be spread through the patient’s blood, urine, saliva, and semen. If the patient's skin is damaged, and if he comes into contact with other people's sheets, pillows, clothing, or used needles, then other people may also be infected with the virus. Currently, there is no effective medical method to cure Ebola, and patients can only recover slowly through appropriate medical methods.
China's top ten diseases list 3. Black Death
The Black Death was a contagious disease that swept Europe in the 14th century. It can be described as a big name, killing at least 50 million people. It is the most common type of plague-like diseases, and the virus is usually spread through small animals such as mice. Yersinia pestis enters the lymphatic system through the bite wound, where it reproduces. Today, the Black Death is almost exclusively spread in African countries. According to data from the World Health Organization, in 2013, there were 783 black death patients worldwide, of which 126 died.
China's top ten diseases list 4, D68 enterovirus
Every year, millions of children suffer from enterobacteria diseases, among which the most common enterobacteria diseases is D68 type enterovirus. Infants, children, and adolescents are the favored targets of this disease, because these people's immune systems have not yet been fully developed and cannot withstand the invasion of pathogens. People with asthma are more likely to contract this disease. The disease can be spread through saliva and respiratory secretions. The symptoms are usually fever, runny nose, coughing and muscle pain, even asthma, and breathing difficulties. In more serious cases, it can cause death.
China's top ten diseases list 5. Cholera
Cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease, usually caused by Vibrio cholerae in the diet. This disease is extremely malignant, regardless of whether it is children or adults, once it is targeted by it, they can get sick and die in just a few hours. The incubation period is as long as one day and as long as five days. Once suffering from this disease, the most obvious symptom is diarrhea, which can quickly cause dehydration of the human body, and Vibrio cholerae can survive in human feces for up to ten days. According to estimates by the World Health Organization, approximately 28,000 to 142,000 people die of cholera every year in the world.
China's top ten diseases list 6, Staphylococcus infection
Staphylococcus is a very powerful bacteria, and it is resistant to many antibiotics. According to research surveys, two out of every one hundred people carry this germ. It can spread through the wounds of infected patients or the infected hands of medical staff. Once infected, symptoms usually appear as red bumps on the skin, pus, and symptoms such as high fever, dizziness, and muscle pain.
China's top ten diseases list 7, cardiovascular disease
The most common symptom of cardiovascular disease is stroke. A stroke is usually caused by a burst or blockage of a blood vessel that interrupts the blood supply, resulting in insufficient oxygen supply and causing damage to the brain. In 2012, the World Health Organization estimated that approximately 17.5 million people died of cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease or stroke. Fortunately, it can be cured before the onset of heart disease or stroke. Healthy eating, physical exercise and not smoking are all effective measures to prevent cardiovascular disease. People with high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high blood sugar or diabetes should pay more attention. Such people are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular disease. The most common symptoms of stroke are sudden numbness and weakness on the face, hands and feet, or symptoms such as speech difficulties, blurred vision, difficulty walking, poor balance, dizziness, or loss of consciousness. In severe cases, it can lead to death.
China's top ten diseases list 8, Chagas disease
This type of disease is caused by a parasite called Trypanosoma cruzi, which is native to South America and spreads the bacteria through the feces of assassin bugs. According to estimates by the World Health Organization, approximately 6 to 7 million people in the world are infected with this pathogen. Although this infectious disease can cause death, it can be cured if proper treatment is given in the early stage of the disease. There are two stages of this disease. The first stage is the acute stage, lasting about two months, and is also the best treatment period. During this period, a large number of parasites live in human blood, but during this period of time, the symptoms are not obvious. Once it enters the chronic phase, the bacteria will infiltrate the heart and muscles, causing injury, and if there is no proper medical treatment, it can eventually cause death.
China's top ten diseases list 9, meningitis
Meningitis is caused by meningococcal bacteria and can be spread by droplets. Once it becomes ill, the patient usually dies within a few hours. The survival probability of suffering from this disease is small, about 10% to 15%. Among the only survivors, many people have mental illness, hearing impairment, intellectual disability or disability. When germs enter the blood vessels, they multiply and multiply in large numbers, erode the blood vessels, and cause bleeding of the skin or organs. The symptoms of this type of disease include mental fatigue, vomiting, cold hands and feet, intense pain, shortness of breath, diarrhea, etc. If you find such symptoms, please seek medical attention immediately.
China's top ten diseases list 10, necrotizing fasciitis
This is a very serious bacterial infection. Although this type of disease is not common, once encountered, the disease can cause death in a short time. Many kinds of bacteria are the cause of this disease, the more common is Streptococcus A. Once the bacteria enter the human body, the fascia connecting muscles, nerves, and blood vessels bears the brunt. The toxins produced by the bacteria will quickly invade the infected part, causing disability or even death.
Top ten infectious diseases ranked 3
1 Top1: Malaria: One of the biggest killers in human history. This disease seems to have always existed in humans. About 5000 years ago, malaria started from West Africa and gradually spread to all parts of the world.
1. The incubation period is from human infection with malaria parasites to disease (oral temperature over 37.8°C), called the incubation period. The incubation period includes the entire infrared period and the first reproductive cycle of the red inner period. Generally, there are 14 days for vivax and ovarian malaria, 12 days for falciparum, and 30 days for trivivax. The amount and strain of infected protozoa are different, and the human body is immune
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