As the saying goes: "A long illness becomes a good doctor" and "The body is the capital of the revolution." If you can squeeze some time, you can take a look at the common sense of diagnosis and treatment of the disease you care about. Maybe it can help you to know the diagnosis and treatment of some common diseases. By then, it will not cost the people's money and harm your own body. ——Li Fancheng, Professor of Otorhinolaryngology, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
In order for patients to have a more accurate analysis of the cause of some of their own ear, nose, and throat symptoms, so as to better seek advice from doctors on the Internet, or better state their illness to doctors, this article is featured. This article can also be used as a reference for teaching counseling in higher medical schools. Due to personal limitations, I am willing to accept your supplements and corrections for possible causes of these otolaryngology symptoms or the existence of incomplete expressions and some errors.
1. Sore throat
Please refer to the article: [Medical Science] What common diseases can sore throat be seen in?
2. Difficulty swallowing (obstruction feeling when swallowing)
1. Acute inflammation
All kinds of acute inflammation of the pharynx can cause dysphagia. There is acute inflammation of the pharynx.
2. Esophageal cancer (esophageal cancer)
When eating, it is difficult for the food obstruction to enter the stomach in the esophagus, and the obstruction feeling gradually increases when swallowing. The esophagus should be checked for barium swallowing. People who are middle-aged or older, drink too much alcohol, often like hot drinks, cooks, etc. should be highly valued.
3. Pharyngeal muscle paralysis
Difficulty in swallowing or reflux of drinking water from the nasal cavity after an acute infectious disease caused by exogenous infection, stroke, or other causes.
3. Phlegm in the throat
1. Asthma
People with asthma often have phlegm in the throat.
2. Acute laryngitis in children
The child has no history of asthma. After catching a cold, phlegm in the throat appears. This is an acute laryngitis (or subglottic laryngitis), which is an important sign of throat obstruction. The condition is serious and should not be taken lightly, otherwise it will easily cause acute throat obstruction and lead to life Danger.
4. foreign body sensation in throat
Reference article: [Medical Science] What diseases are common in pharyngeal foreign body sensation
5. Itchy throat, "crack", clear throat, and cough
1. Pharyngeal inflammation
Various chronic inflammations of the pharynx can cause itchy throat, "crack", clear throat, or cough. However, it can also be a habit to clear your throat with "haka". If it is only chronic inflammation, it should be restrained as much as possible to reduce the "crack" phenomenon, otherwise it will give people the appearance of something serious.
2. Allergic pharyngitis
Allergic pharyngitis is characterized by paroxysmal irritating itchy throat and cough, generally no or little sputum, and may be accompanied by throat discomfort. Every time it gets worse after catching a cold, or aggravates or induces a pungent odor, the course of the disease can last up to several months or years.
Please refer to: [throat disease] Chinese and Western medicine treatment of allergic pharyngitis
3. The difference between cough caused by pharyngeal inflammation and cough caused by lung disease:
When there is inflammation in the throat, there is obvious itching or discomfort in the throat or throat (the voice is hoarse when the throat is inflamed), and want to cough or cause a cough due to throat discomfort or itching; cough caused by throat inflammation may be phlegmless It may be less phlegm, and a few people can also have more phlegm, but the phlegm comes from the throat. If it is a cough caused by a lung disease, there is usually discomfort in the lungs (chest, or behind the breastbone), and there may be more or less sputum, but you can feel that the sputum comes from the lungs or trachea, rather than the throat.
6. post-nasal leakage
Posterior nasal leakage means that secretions in the nasal cavity flow back into the nasopharynx, so patients often suck and spit. This situation is not only a manifestation of nasopharyngitis, but also a manifestation of chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity (chronic rhinitis, or chronic sinusitis. If you need to diagnose or rule out sinusitis, CT examination can be performed). Some people may also have blood in the sputum when sucking and spitting. If this situation is not resolved, the problem of pharyngitis cannot be resolved.
Please refer to: [throat disease] Postnasal drip syndrome
7. dry throat
1. The most common symptoms of dry throat are chronic pharyngitis, chronic tonsillitis, and chronic laryngitis.
2. Chronic tonsillitis has chronic hyperemia or hypertrophy of the tonsils; chronic laryngitis has the phenomenon of hoarseness.
8. Follicular hyperplasia and lateral pharyngeal hyperplasia
1. The follicular hyperplasia is granular, and the more severe ones are fused into flakes. It is a manifestation of chronic inflammation (chronic pharyngitis). Pharyngeal lateral cord hyperplasia is in the form of a cord, located on both sides of the posterior pharyngeal wall, and is also a sign of chronic pharyngitis.
2. Chronic pharyngitis does not necessarily have follicular hyperplasia; people with follicles and lateral pharyngeal hyperplasia may not have the self-symptoms of chronic pharyngitis, and you can ignore it at this time.
3. After treatment, the symptoms of chronic pharyngitis disappear, but the follicular hyperplasia is difficult to disappear, so you don't need to pay attention to it at this time. Because follicle hyperplasia or disappearance, it is not the only criterion to assess whether there is chronic pharyngitis or whether chronic pharyngitis is cured.
Please refer to: [Haryngeal Disease] What to do with lymphoid follicular hyperplasia
9. lymphoid follicle hyperplasia at the base of the tongue
1. The hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles at the base of the tongue can only be seen by a doctor's examination. Its existence is the same as the principle of pharyngeal follicular hyperplasia.
2. Some people look in the mirror and find that the root of the tongue has a few small "its". This is a normal organization (the one that manages the sense of taste, without it, the sense of taste is decreased or disappeared), not the proliferation of lymphoid follicles at the base of the tongue.
10. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck and submandibular
1. Recently, the submandibular lymph nodes are swollen and painful when touched. Most of them are acute tonsillitis.
2. For a long period of time, the submandibular lymph nodes or neck lymph nodes are swollen, with slight or no pain when touched, and the texture is soft and not hard. It can be seen in chronic tonsils, chronic pharyngitis, and chronic nasopharyngitis. Lymph node enlargement caused by such chronic inflammation is more common in adolescents and children.
3. Swollen lymph nodes in the neck (not submandibular). In adults, special attention should be paid to the inspection of the nasopharynx to exclude lymph node metastasis caused by nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Please refer to: [Medical Science] What is the clinical significance of enlarged head and neck lymph nodes?
11. Hoarse voice
Reference article: [Medical Science] What diseases are common in hoarseness
12. Pharyngeal Ulcer
1. Specific infectious diseases
Special infectious diseases (such as diphtheria, syphilis, tuberculosis, venereal diseases), a history of special infections and examination results can be diagnosed. Treat from the perspective of etiology (Chinese medicine, Western medicine).
3. Diseases of the blood system
Diseases that are prone to bleeding (such as leukemia, etc.) may cause pharyngeal ulcers (the cause of poor resistance). Both the primary disease and the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine should be used for better results.
3. Unknown reason
In some patients with pharyngeal ulcers, examinations for various causes are all negative, and the cause cannot be clearly diagnosed. Western medicine mainly treats inflammation or local cautery, but the effect is not ideal. In this case, the effect of traditional Chinese medicine is better.
12. Blood in sputum
1. Acute or chronic inflammation of the throat
Any acute or chronic inflammation of the throat may cause blood in the sputum. Generally, it disappears quickly after anti-inflammatory treatment. A small number of patients with nasopharyngeal vasodilatation are prone to blood in sputum, especially in sucking tears, and it lasts for a long time. In dry seasons or dry environments Easy to send.
2. Nasopharyngeal cancer
The main cause is the blood in the sucking tears, which is often an important reason for patients to pay attention. Fiberscopy of the nasopharynx can be performed. When nasopharyngeal cancer is suspected, pathological biopsy should be performed, and pathological biopsy should be performed repeatedly if necessary (because the previous tests were all negative results rather than positive results).
3. Laryngeal cancer
There may be blood in the sputum, often accompanied by hoarseness. If laryngeal cancer is suspected, pathological examination should be performed.
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